Author(s): Dr. P Karthikeyan

Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of isolated and complex sand and continuous running on cardio respiratory endurance. To achieve this purpose of the study, sixty men students studying in the Department of Physical Education, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram were selected as subjects at random. The selected subjects were divided into four equal groups of fifteen subjects each, such as sand running group [SRG], continuous running group [CRG], complex sand and continuous running group [CSACRG] and control group [CG]. The group I underwent sand running programme and group II underwent continuous running programme for three days per week for twelve weeks, group III underwent sand running for first six weeks and continuous running for remaining six weeks. And Group IV acted as control who did not participate any special running programmes apart from their regular physical education activities as per their curriculum. The following variable namely cardio respiratory endurance was selected as criterion variable. All the subjects of four groups were tested on selected dependent variable by using Cooper’s 12 min run / walk test at prior to and immediately after the training programme. The analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] was used to analyze the significant difference, if any among the groups. Since, four groups were compared, whenever the obtained ‘F’ ratio for adjusted post test was found to be significant, the Scheffe’s test to find out the paired mean differences, if any. The .05 level of confidence was fixed as the level of significance to test the ‘F’ ratio obtained by the analysis of covariance, which was considered as an appropriate. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference among sand running group, continuous running group, combined sand and continuous running group and control group on cardio respiratory endurance. The results of the study further showed that there was a significant change on cardio respiratory endurance due to sand running, continuous running and combined sand and continuous running.

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